1 machinery polishing machinery polishing is depends on the cutting, the material surface plastic deformation removes is polished after the double wedge to obtain the slick polishing method, uses the oilstone strip, the sheep whorl, the sandpaper generally and so on, by the manual operation primarily, the peculiar part like solid of revolution surface, may use the turnplate and so on the auxiliary means, the surface quality requests the method which high may use ultra researches in thorough detail throws.Ultra researches in thorough detail throws is uses specially made the grinding tool, in includes the grinding compound to grind throws in the fluid, squeezes is processed in the work piece on the surface, makes the high speed rotary motion.Using this technology may achieve Ra0.008μm the surface roughness, is in each polishing method highest.Optics lens mold often uses this method.
2 chemistry polishing chemistry polishing is lets the material the part concave part preferential solubility which the surface microscopic protrudes in chemistry medium, thus obtains slick.This method main merit does not need the complex equipment, may polish the shape complex work piece, may simultaneously polish very many work pieces, the efficiency is high.Chemistry polishing core question is the polishing solution configuration.Chemistry polishing obtains surface roughness generally for number 10μm.
3 electrolysis polishing electrolysis polishing basic principle and chemistry polishing is same, namely depends on the selective dissolved material surface to protrude small the part, causes the surface to be smooth.Compares with chemistry polishing, may eliminate the influence which the negative pole responded, the effect is good.
The electrochemistry polishing process divides into two steps: (1) macroscopic leveling dissolution product proliferates to the electrolyte in, material surface geometry rough drop, Ra>1μm. (2) glimmer smooth anodic polarization, the superficial radiance enhances, Ra<1μm.
4 ultrasonic wave polishing puts in the work piece in the grinding compound suspending liquid and puts in together in the supersonic wave field, depends upon the ultrasonic wave the vibration function, causes the grinding compound in work piece surfacing polishing.The ultrasonic machining macroscopic strength is small, cannot cause the work piece to distort, but the work clothes manufacture and the installment is difficult.The ultrasonic machining may and chemistry or the electro-chemical means union.Corrodes, in the electrolysis foundation in the solution, again exerts the ultrasonic wave vibration agitation solution, causes the work piece surface dissolution product to be separated from, the superficial nearby corrosion or the electrolyte are even; The ultrasonic wave also can suppress the corrosion process in the liquid cavitation, favors the surface luminously.
5 fluid polishing fluid polishing is the dependence high speed flowing liquid and the carryhome abrasive washout work piece surface achieves polishing the goal.The commonly used method includes: Grinding compound spraying processing, spouting of liquid processing, hydrodynamics attrition and so on.The hydrodynamics attrition is by the hydraulic pressure actuation, causes the carryhome abrasive the liquid medium high speed reciprocation to flow the work piece surface.The medium mainly uses is comparing the low pressure obscene good special compound (polymer shape material) and mixes the grinding compound to make, the grinding compound may use the silicon carbide powder.
6 magnetism attritions throws magneto-optical attrition polishing is uses the magnetic grinding compound to form the grinding compound under the magnetic field function to brush, to work piece abrasive machining.This method processing efficiency is high, the quality is good, the processing condition easy to control, the working condition is good.Uses the appropriate grinding compound, the surface roughness may achieve Ra0.1μm.
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