Rolling bearing Assembly fitters assemble and repair work is often to do an action, and the adjustment of the bearing clearance and preload is an important part of the rolling bearing Assembly. Accurate adjustment of clearance and preload process concepts and Assembly work in the correct application of this technology, is the guarantee of quality of bearing Assembly work.
　 Bearing clearance of means in the case of a ring fixed, another maximum amount of activity along the radial or axial rings, clearance is divided into radial clearance and axial clearance of two.
　　 Rolling bearing Assembly, its clearances should not be too large, or too small. Clearance is too large will cause at the same time bear the load of the rolling body reduces the number of, enables a single rolling loads increase, thereby reducing the running accuracy of bearing, reduce service life clearance is too small will increase friction, heat generated increases, increased wear, can also reduce the service life of the bearing. Thus, many are to strictly control and adjustment during Assembly of the bearing clearance.
　　 Preload is the bearing in the Assembly, to the inner or outer ring bearing an axial force to remove the bearing clearance, and the roll body deformation of early contact with the inner and outer rings. Preload can increase stiffness and running accuracy of bearing in working condition. Subjected to load large bearings with high running accuracy requirements, mostly in the absence of even a small amount of clearance under the interference of the State, in this case you will need to preload the bearings in the Assembly.
　　 Adjustment of clearance and preload is often used external ring for bearing inner ring axial displacement of the appropriate method to complete.
　 Technology concept is easy to see from above, through the adjustment of the bearing clearance, you can increase the carrying capacity of the bearing and running accuracy, improving the service life of the bearing. But at the same time to increase bearing friction, heat increases, so the adjustment of clearance or preload and must ensure a good lubrication and cooling. If improperly adjusted or poor lubrication, will in turn make the bearing wear, life expectancy. Therefore, proper adjustment of the bearing clearance and preload, but also pay attention to the following issues.
1, Assembly technology requirements are the fundamental basis for selective Assembly method
On adjustment of the bearing clearance can effectively improve the running accuracy of bearing, increase the carrying capacity of the bearing, and extended bearing service life, while also effectively reduces vibration and noise, but not all of the rolling bearing Assembly is required for clearance adjustment. And pre-tight is can improve bearing rigid and Rotary shaped precision, but while will makes friction increased, lubricant film is damage and produced large of hot, so, is pre-tight of bearing must for forced lubrication and cooling, this technology method only limited to on bearing rigid and rotating precision requirements very high of situation Xia used, is a more special of technology method, production actual in the also just in machine spindle Assembly with to, other drive institutions of bearing Assembly almost see does not to.
Rolling bearing Assembly for adjustment of clearance and preload, according to technical requirements document assembly technology. In particular, the Assembly requirements, generally for high speed bearings and heavy or high running accuracy requirements are requirements for adjusting the bearing internal clearance or preload, in turn, will keep the bearing clearance, Assembly for axial fixed only when you can. Seen from the type of bearing, tapered roller bearings, angular contact ball bearing, thrust bearing is needed to adjust its clearance; radial ball bearings for low speed and light load, and in most cases do not need to adjust their clearance and axial fixation.
2, to be in thermal equilibrium under conditions meet the requirements of adjustment of clearance and preload
Actual ideal work of rolling bearings, in bearing temperature rise is stable after adjustment of clearance. So, bearing tour gap of adjustment should min two stage for: first in at room temperature Xia in accordance with about of operation specification and technology requirements on bearing tour gap for adjustment, to clearance suitable and hand turns should is rotating flexible; and, will adjustment institutions appropriate back pine (prevent test Shi due to temperature rise and makes bearing suddenly hold died), for air go test, from speed to high speed air go time does not over 2 hours, in most high speed of air go time does not less than 30 minutes, bearing should running flexible, and noise small, and Working temperature up to 50 ° c, and finally adjusting mechanism can be reset and lock.
　 3, good lubrication
Not only can good lubrication to reduce friction, and also have a cooling effect on bearing and axle parts. After adjusting the clearance of rolling bearings, friction will increase, resulting in elevated temperature of heat will make the entire drive system. If you fail to heat, the heat will make the transmission part size change, thus affecting the clearance of rolling bearings, produces more heat, create a vicious circle. Therefore, after clearance adjustment of rolling bearings, must maintain good lubrication to reduce friction and, more importantly, is constantly circulating flow of lubricating oil took a lot of heat, control of temperature rise, realization of driving system in thermal equilibrium.
Also pay special attention: before the no-load test, be sure to first check the lubricating oil supply is normal for each part of the system, especially after preload of bearing parts, need special attention to adequate supply of lubricating oil, working in good condition.
　　 Anyway, scroll bearing by technology correctly Assembly, and reasonable using, and seriously implementation bearing tour gap of adjustment and pre-tight technology, is improve bearing rotating precision and hosted ability, and reduced drive system vibration and noise of effective means, operation in the apart from should reached bearing Assembly of General technology requirements outside, also to focus considered bearing temperature rose and lubrication on adjustment work of effect, and in for air go test zhihou also to for detailed of check and II times adjustment, Patient and meticulous working attitude is also indispensable to assemble a maintenance fitter of good quality.



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