Bearings is widely used in the automotive, assume important responsibilities. From the engine, chassis, electrical assembly, are applied to the bearing. Automotive bearings into plain bearings and rolling bearings two categories.
Plain bearings are mainly used in the engine. The slide bearings are usually divided into two types, a bush type thin-walled bearings, commonly known as the shape of the pad tile; another bushing, also known as copper sleeve, the shape of a hollow cylinder. Bush-type thin wall bearing for supporting the engine crankshaft and connecting rod. Bushing is mainly used to support the camshaft journals and piston pin, but also for automotive chassis knuckle kingpin bushing, shock absorbers steel pin bushings, gears, bushings and motor bushings, they played The role of the antifriction intermediates.
Crankshaft and connecting rod bearings seem tiles constructed cylinder single, and demanding its performance. Although lubrication system lubricants separated parts and bearing contact surface, but in recent years, with the engine to keep the high-speed, supercharged strengthen the development of the bearing oil film pressure increases, the oil film thickness to reduce the deterioration of the working environment of the bearing, the crankshaft and connecting rod bearing materials and manufacturing requirements are also increasing. Generally bearing the form of a double-layer metal, some multi-layer form of the first layer steel watts back to ensure the mechanical strength, the second layer of the bearing alloy in order to ensure that the surface properties, commonly called babbitt material ; third layer is on the basis of the above-mentioned two layers, and then coated as a thin alloy in order to further improve the surface performance.
Relative bush, the working pressure of the camshaft bushing is relatively small, its material is generally dorsal plating with bronze or steel alloy, the bushing of such materials are also widely applied in the main pin, brake shoe, door hinges , seat belt reels and other places. More lining material used in the car, for example, for a starter, oily metal fan bushing for shock steel pin and wiper bushings made of polymeric materials.
Rolling bearings are widely used in the car on the mechanical and electrical assembly. Main transmission, steering, water pump, fan clutch, differential, front and rear wheels and drive shaft.
Rolling bearings spherical roller two bear the load in accordance with the size and direction is divided into radial bearings and thrust bearings, radial (heavy straight axis) load suitable to withstand radial bearings, thrust bearings suitable to withstand axial (parallel to the axis) load, there is a both radial and axial forces bearing thrust to the heart. In fact, almost all rolling bearings can under certain conditions, be subject to both radial and lateral loads, but the emphasis on which aspects of both. Rolling bearing main points have ball bearings, roller bearings and needle roller bearings, different points in accordance with the role of the various parts of the home in the car.
The transmission shaft is generally supported at both ends. Due to the transmission shaft is relatively long, usually designed to a bearing on one side is taken as a fixed-side bearing, which bear radial and axial load, play the role of the fixed relative axial displacement between the shaft and the gear box, generally use ball bearing thrust to the heart. Error generated when the other side of the bearing called free side bearings, only radial loads, axial relative movement, in order to solve the telescoping issues generated due to temperature changes due to the operation of the transmission gear shaft and installation, can be used to roll column bearings.
Rolling bearing ring and rolling element is generally a special high purity chromium alloy steel, the hardness is relatively high. But if the poor lubrication, improper selection, installed defective may lead to failure. However, the bearing even under normal conditions, the internal components of the rolling surface may also occur under the influence of the cross-transformer stress material fatigue, and even peeling will not be, so the bearings have its life limit. To the information provided by the Japanese NTN, even for a group of identical bearings operating under the same conditions, also has a great difference in their life, this is because the material fatigue itself has a "discrete". Therefore, the so-called rated basic life of a rolling bearing, is a group of identical bearings when operated under the same conditions, 90% (reliability of 90%) does not occur the rolling fatigue peeling running total number of revolutions or the total rotation time. Bearing as if the joint point, its quality is directly related to the quality of the car running. However, mass production of bearings is difficult to guarantee each bearing completely above the average quality standard is reached, some new car will advance in the course of this or what kind of failure is not surprising.
 



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