Forgings quality problems may occur in the forging, the reaction in the process of heat treatment, machining process, or use, it may be caused by the negligence of certain production processes or improper process, may also be caused due to improper design and material selection, sometimes it may be due to the use and improper maintenance. Defects and damage to mechanical parts made by the forging process of using, in addition to the quality problems caused by the need to identify whether the forging itself, but also the need to clarify the use of force conditions of the parts, work site and the environment and the use of maintaining the adequacy of etc., only the exclusion of part design, material selection, heat treatment, machining and the use of factors in order to concentrate on the quality of the forging itself to find defects and damage to the causes.
Forging defects causes are many, according to macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of the defects can be drawn initial impression that the defect is purely forging process caused by or related to the quality of raw materials, technology procedures formulated by unreasonable or improper execution process due to firm conclusions are made only after detailed test analysis.
On forging defects:
⒈ some forging Appearance: external cracks, fold, wrinkle, is not fully or lack of meat, pressure pit, surface roughness, or orange peel;
⒉ some forging internal: low magnification, such as various defects such as cracks, hairline, loose, coarse-grained, surface decarburization, non-metallic inclusions and dissimilar metals are mixed with white spots, segregation, dendrite, shrinking tube residual disorder of the flow line, non-ferrous metal flow through, the coarse-grained rings, the oxide film;
⒊ some reflect the microstructure: the second phase precipitation;
⒋ of forging quality reflected in forging performance: failure, such as room temperature strength, ductility, toughness, fatigue properties, instantaneous strength, endurance strength, and lasting plasticity, creep strength of high-temperature performance or thermal fatigue performance does not meet the requirements.
Forging external ⒌ regardless of performance or the performance of quality in forgings internal and performance aspects of the problem: most cases they affect each other, and often are interrelated, and accompanied by a vicious cycle. For example, hot or burning usually results in grain coarsening
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