The basic structure of the rolling bearing
    Sliding bearings developed on the basis of the rolling bearing, its working principle is based on rolling friction instead of sliding friction, generally consists of two rings, a set of scrolling, and a maintain a frame composed of highly versatile, standardized, serialized extent is very high mechanical basic parts. All kinds of machinery have different working conditions, Rolling in the capacity of the structure and use of performance have raised a variety of different requirements. To this end, the rolling bearing a variety of structures. However, the basic structure of the inner ring, outer ring, rolling element and cage composed.
    The role of the various parts in the bearing are:
For radial bearings, the inner ring is usually a tight fit with the shaft, and together with the shaft running, usually bearing or mechanical shell hole, the outer into the transition with the played the supporting role. However, in some cases, the outer operation, fixed inner ring from the supporting role or the inner ring, outer ring operation at the same time. Thrust bearing, and shaft tight fit with the movement of said shaft ring, bearing or mechanical shell hole into the transition with the said seat and from the supporting role. Within the bearing, the rolling element (ball, roller or needle) usually with the cage arranged evenly between the two rings for rolling motion, its shape, size and number of direct impact on the load bearing capacity and performance. Cage In addition to be able to scroll through the body evenly separated, but also from the guide the rotation of the rolling element and to improve the bearing internal lubrication performance role.
    Rolling bearing classification
    A. Classification according to the rolling bearing structure type
    (1) bearing their direction or the public can bear the load that the contact angle, divided into:
1) Radial bearings ---- mainly used for rolling bearings to withstand radial loads, the nominal contact angle from 0-45. Nominal contact angle is divided into: radial contact bearings ---- nominal contact angle of 0 radial bearings: Angular contact bearings ---- nominal contact angle greater than 0-45 radial bearings.
2) the thrust bearing ---- mainly used for rolling bearing axial load and the nominal contact angle of greater than 45-90. Nominal contact angle is divided into: axial contact bearings ---- nominal contact angle 90 of the thrust bearings: angular contact thrust bearings ---- nominal contact angle greater than 45 but less than 90 of the thrust bearing.
    (2) bearing according to the type of rolling element is divided into:
1) ball bearings ---- rolling element ball:
2) roller bearings ---- rolling element roller. Roller bearings according to the type of roller is divided into: Cylindrical Roller Bearings ---- rolling body is a cylindrical roller bearings, cylindrical roller length and diameter ratio of less than or equal to 3; Needle Roller Bearings --- - The rolling body is a needle roller bearings, needle length and diameter ratio greater than 3, but the diameter is less than or equal to 5mm; Tapered Roller Bearings ---- rolling element is a tapered roller bearing; Spherical Roller The bearings 11 rolling element is a spherical roller bearing.
    (3) ability to aligning bearing according to their work, divided into:
1) self-aligning bearing ---- raceway is spherical shaped to adapt to the angular deviation between the two raceway axis line and the angular motion of the bearing;
2) non-aligning bearings (rigid bearings) ---- impedance of the line angle offset between the axis of the raceway of the bearing.
    (4) bearing the number of columns of the rolling elements, divided into:
1) Single row bearings ---- with a rolling element bearings;
2) double-row bearings ---- two rolling element bearings;
3) multi-row bearings ---- more than two rolling element bearings, such as three, four bearings.
    (5) bearing according to their parts whether the separation, divided into:
1) separable bearings ---- bearings with separable components;
2) can not be separated bearing ---- bearings in the final matching rings are not any free separation of the bearing.
    (6) bearing their structure and shape (if no slot loading, whether within the outer ring and the ring shape, the structure of the ribs, or even whether the cage, etc.) can also be divided into a variety of structural types.
    2 bearing ball bearing size classification according to their outside diameter size, divided into:
    (1) miniature bearings ---- nominal diameter size range of 26mm below the bearing;
    (2) small bearings ---- nominal diameter size range 28-55mm bearing;
    (3) small and medium-sized bearings ---- nominal diameter size range of 60-115mm bearings;
    (4) in large bearings ---- nominal diameter size range of 120-190mm bearing
    (5) large bearings ---- nominal diameter size range of bearings for the 200-430mm;
    (6) large bearings ---- nominal diameter size range of 440mm above the bearing.
    The basic production process of rolling bearings
    Rolling type, structure type, tolerance level, technical requirements, materials and quantities of the different, the basic production process is not exactly the same.
    Processing of the various bearings main parts:
    A. Process of the rings: the bearing inner ring and outer ring of processing according to the different raw materials or rough form is different, where the car before processing process can be divided into the following three, the whole process: the bar or tube material (some bar stock subject to the forging and annealing, normalizing) ---- car processing ---- Heat Treatment ---- grinding processing ---- lapping or polishing of the final inspection of the ---- part ----     " b="防锈----入库----(待合套装配〉">the antirust ---- storage ---- (to be co-suite with>
    Two. The process of the ball, the ball of processing according to the status of raw materials vary, which fell cut or ball of light before the process can be divided into the following three, before the heat treatment process can be divided into the following two kinds, the whole process: the bar or wire rod cold red (some bar cold red need to red ring and annealing) ---- setback cut, coarse, soft grinding or ball of light ---- Heat Treatment - .     " b="---硬磨----精磨----精研或研磨----终检分组----防锈、包装----入库〈待合套装配〉。">--- ---- grinding hard grind ---- lapping or grinding ---- final inspection packet ---- anti-rust packing ---- storage <to be co-suite with>.
    3. Process roller roller processing according to the different raw materials, before the heat treatment process can be divided into the following two, the whole process is: after the car processing of bar or wire rod for cold heading string band and soft tactics ---- Heat Treatment ---- string soft spot ---- coarse grinding outer diameter ---- coarse grinding end ---- end face grinding ---- finely ground outer diameter ---- end of grinding the outside diameter .     " b="----终检分组----防锈、包装----入库（待合套装配〉。">---- end packet inspection ---- anti-rust packing ---- storage (to be co-suite with>.
    4. The process of the cage to cage the process according to different design and raw materials can be divided into the following categories:
    (1) strip → shear → punching → shaping and finishing of metal forming → → pickling or shot blasting or string light → final inspection, anti-rust → packaging → warehousing (to be co-suite with)
    (2) physical cage process: the physical cage processing vary according to raw materials, or bad hair different, which type of car before processing can be divided into the following four rough, the whole process: the bar tubing, forgings, castings ---- car inside diameter, outside diameter, face, chamfer ---- drilling (or broaching, boring) ---- pickling ---- final inspection ---- .     ' b="防锈、包装----入库〈待合套装配〉。">rust, packaging ---- warehousing "to be co-suite with>.
    Second, the rolling bearing assembly process
    Rolling bearing parts such as the inner ring, outer ring, rolling body and cage, etc., after passing inspection, the assembly workshop for assembly, and its process is as follows:
     Road size grouping sorting> co-sets → Check the clearance → riveting cage → → demagnetization of the final inspection, cleaning → anti-rust packing → into finished products (packing, shipping " b="零件退磁、清洗→内、外滚〈沟〉道尺寸分组选别→合套→检查游隙→铆合保持架→终检→退磁、清洗→防锈、包装→入成品库(装箱、发运">Demagnetization of parts, the outer raceway <ditch cleaning →> Road size grouping sorting> co-sets → Check the clearance → riveting cage → → demagnetization of the final inspection, cleaning → anti-rust packing → into finished products (packing, shipping .     " b="〉。">>.
    Characteristics of rolling bearings
    Rolling bearings and plain bearings, compared with the following advantages:
    A. Rolling bearings coefficient of friction than plain bearings, high transmission efficiency. The general slide bearing friction coefficient of 0.08-0.12, and Rolling coefficient of friction is only 0.001-0.005;
    Two. Rolling bearing has to achieve standardization, serialization, universal and suitable for mass production and supply, use and maintenance is very convenient;
    3. Manufacture of rolling bearings, bearing steel, and heat-treated, therefore, Rolling not only has high mechanical performance and long service life, but it will save the more expensive non-ferrous metals used in the manufacture of sliding bearings;
    4. Roller Bearing internal clearance is very small, high machining accuracy, therefore, high running accuracy. The increased rigidity of the bearing at the same time, you can pre-load method. Is very important for precision machinery;
    5 Some rolling bearings can support radial load and axial load, therefore, can simplify the structure of the bearing supports;
    6. Rolling bearing high transmission efficiency, less heat, therefore, can reduce the consumption of lubricants, lubrication maintenance more easy way;
    7. The rolling bearing can be easily applied on any orientation of the space of uranium.
    However, all things are divided into two rolling bearings also have some disadvantages, mainly:
    A. Rolling the ability to bear the load is much smaller than the same volume of plain bearings, therefore, the radial dimensions of rolling bearings. Therefore, under high load application and requirements of small radial size of the structural requirements for compact occasions (such as internal combustion engine crankshaft bearings), the use of plain bearings;
    Two. Rolling bearing vibration and noise, especially in the use of the latter part is particularly significant, therefore, high precision requirements, without the Xu Youzhen moving occasion, Rolling difficult to competent, generally used in plain bearings better
    3. The rolling bearing is particularly sensitive to the metal shavings and other foreign matter to enter the foreign body bearing will produce large vibration and noise intermittently, may also cause early damage. In addition, the rolling bearing metal clips and other impurities is also prone to the possibility of early damage. Even without the early damage, the life of rolling bearings have a certain limit. In short, the rolling bearing life than the sliding bearing short.
   However, the rolling bearings and plain bearings, compared to the advantages and disadvantages, each occupy a certain application of occasions, so the two can not fully replace each other, and each to a certain direction, to expand their territory. However, due to the outstanding merits of rolling bearings, rather who was home on the trend. At present, the rolling bearing has developed into a mechanical bearing type, application more and more widely.


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