Mexico (AP) - After the expulsion from the United States, working in New Jersey construction, Hector Augustus Tony Lopez decided to rebuild his life in his hometown in eastern Honduras.
He found a stable job in Catacamas shoe store. Then, in March of this year, he looked frightened, the robbers shot before his eyes three customers to death. Soon after, he decided to make the arduous and dangerous journey north again.
In Honduras, there are a lot of violence, many robberies and a lot of poverty, "said Lopez, 28 years old, he was waiting to jump City on the outskirts of a Mexican freight train, on a recent afternoon." There is no future. "
Half a block away, waiting for the dozens crowded shelter transported to a story overflowing outside the United States, Central American immigrants, siesta block paperboard, resist cold and trading stories of their journey north garbage bag their own.
Number of Mexicans to the United States has dropped significantly, the violence the surge Central American immigrants of 1000 kilometers northbound journey this year, the spread of the rising Mexican drug cartels, which largely contributed to. Experts say other factors predation by lax immigration law enforcement authorities in Mexico, and misconceptions, Mexican criminal groups are not many, because they have emigrated.
Central American immigrants, Mexicans northward still are still small, but the sharp rise in the number of speak the naked violence and family poverty. The journey dangerous to push smuggling fees as high as $ 7,000, as much as possible earlier doubling of Tourism Week, and even a few months, robbery, health problems or difficulties of transport delay.
8.3 million people in Honduras, the world's highest homicide rates in 2010 with 6,200 killings, or 82.1 per 100 000 inhabitants in the murder. This is a murder from 57 per 100,000 inhabitants in 2008. Neighboring El Salvador in the 66 homicides per 100,000 in 2010. In contrast, the United States to see about 5 per 100,000 homicide.
"The reality is that many Mexicans have a bit to give up looking for work in the United States, and has begun to return to their homes, but the conditions in Central America may be even more desperate, we see in Mexico, said:" David shirk at the University cross-border director of the Institute of San Diego.
Along on patrol with the Mexican border to the U.S. border in October to May, about 56,637 non-Mexican immigrants, most of them in Central America were detained. This is more than double the 27,561 a year ago was detained in the same period. At the same time, the number of Mexican immigrants were arrested in the U.S. southern border fell by 7 percent this fiscal year, 188 467.
In fact, the Mexican illegal immigration to the United States to its lowest level in decades, according to a study published by the Washington-based think tank Pew Hispanic Center in April. The study found that in the past five years, many Mexicans to leave the United States than to enter.
The decline is largely due to the weak U.S. economy, which is mainly the number of shrinking construction work attractive to Mexican workers. The increase in deportation, the United States a high degree along the border patrol and violence, as well as Mexico's declining birth rate, also played a role.
When it comes to Central America, the picture is completely different.
Illegal immigrants, including Central America, the concerns of the United States began to decline, in 2007, when the flow of illegal immigrants started to slow down, but experts say the rise in violence in Central America, reversing part of the move to the area the Mexican drug cartels boost. While Mexican authorities have pulled a number of immigration enforcement came back, they were also arrested more illegal Central American immigrants before they get to the U.S. border, in January and April, an increase of 42 percent from 2011 arrested 29,619, according to the The country's National Immigration Institute.
U.S. Customs and Border Protection officials did not respond to repeated requests to comment on the matter.
"We have yet to see the number of people in at least four years, Leticia Gutierrez said:" Sister, a Mexican Ministry of Catholic Bishops to coordinate Mexico, the country's 54 immigrant shelters, Central America, almost all of the client Population Officer. "People continue to the future, the future, that we are rushing to help those who reach the refuge, because of our thing, we must give them the day after the arrival of the first train to run."
Most hop the freight train to the border with Texas, which is the southern border from Mexico in recent spot, the most dangerous routes.
When they go to the north the sun scorched the journey, the immigrants tend to pay off thieves, immigration officials, police and railway workers. They also must be overcome by the Zetas gang, has been increasingly targeted immigrants, kidnapping for ransom or forced labor, they control the territory.
Zetas massacre in the summer of 2010 in northern Tamaulipas state's 72 immigrants across the border from Texas. Nine months later, in Tamaulipas authorities clandestine graves unearthed 193 bodies, security forces said they were from the Zeta members confessed to kidnapping and killing of bus passengers, many of them immigrants to the site.
Pressure installation to ensure that the immigration security in Mexico, the federal government in 2010 ordered immigration agents to stop all night raids and reduction of attacks on northbound freight train, the main way of transport in Central America. Detained in immigration shelters, said the Director of Immigration in Mexico, Salvador Beltran del Rio.
"This (place) in response to the request of these agencies and the governments of these countries, but it also reflects the fact, we believe that it also applies to the safety of the migration agent, Beltran del Rio said.
Last year, human rights activists, the Zetas kidnapped in the sub-50 immigrants are often associated with immigration officials complicit in one fell swoop.
Say, the lack of a mass kidnapping to persuade some of the things in the Mexican immigrants. However, they warned that the immigrants are still in danger.
Ruben Figueroa, in the southern immigrants rights activist, said: "Now, they are a kidnapping two or three immigrants, in central Mexico, where many immigrants shelters and kidnapping did not get the media attention in remote areas "The state of Tabasco.
Attributed to the Zetas in the latest massacre, cut off their hands and feet, decapitated bodies dumped on the road about 75 miles south of the border state of Nuevo Leon, Texas on 49 May. The authorities do not rule out the possibility of the victims of US-bound immigrants. The recent report of large-scale abductions, the victims may have been kidnapped in recent months small groups.
Not only the risk of criminals. Blocking the use of visitors to the United States freight trains through the railway bridge collapsed, hundreds of Central American immigrants detained in late June in southern Mexico.
Immigrants walk or free-rider to ride in the trailer trucks and other vehicles, immigrant rights activists and Mexican authorities to continue their journey north, said.
Gutierrez said: "Sister," These people can not get a ride to walk, walk, walk. More than 200 boat people in Veracruz state, federal immigration authorities to deport them, said the Raphael Pretelin federal immigration officials in the Gulf Coast countries.
Manuel de Jesus Chavez, 16-year-old Copan, Honduras, from heading to Texas to join his brother who crossed the illegal last year in Houston near the cattle ranch.
"He told me, they do not pay, as well as he thinks, but there is work," Chavez said, a recent afternoon, waiting for food production line in San Juan Diego in Tultitlan housing.
Built for 60 people, two-tier shops crowded single room housing has received 300 immigrants a day, Pastor Christian Rojas said.
Rojas said the workers had temporary beds arranged on the concrete floor, and get as many people within the patio. He said the smugglers and drug traffickers left outside through targeted immigration.
Has also been the hostility of immigrants from the goal of Lecheria people, known as the neighborhood farmers around the center. The temporary closure of the men and women group home after a week of wandering outside offend people blocked the street to prevent the volunteers to provide food.
Gutierrez said that the housing off, because the government can not guarantee the safety of the volunteers or immigrants.


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